The Bharat stage emissions standards(BSES) were set up and instituted by the Central pollution control board (CPCB) under the Ministry of Environment, Forest, and climate change. In the early days of its existence, the first emission norms were set for petrol engines in 1991 and diesel engines in 1992. As the Indian economy was in…
INTRODUCTION Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) is the latest technology in submarine development. Many countries are working on this including India (DRDO is developing an indigenous AIP system for its Kalvari class subs). The submarines can go up to a speed of 20 knots under water and can go deep inside the water up to 800…
Abstract The global 0.5% sulfur cap will enter into force in 2020, and more than 70,000 ships will be affected by the regulation. Stricter sulfur limits (SOx) emissions are already in place in Emission Control Areas (ECAs) in Europe and America, and new control areas are being established in ports and coastal areas in China….
